Amalal weqbar

URAR, TAMASKANT TARBIH'IT UCACI
LA FESTA, MANIFESTACIÓ COL·LECTIVA DE PARTICIPACIÓ

Ijj n degg ucaci tarbih'it i yedjan attas nihni d uraren igherfanen d insayen, tejjan iwd'an n manwen ma aswir ametti, tamsurda nigh agensi, nihni waxxa d yaryazen nigh d timgharin, n mech'a ma n resnin i ghas, adirin d imasargulen u adzemman adcacen daysent.

Uraren insayen d igherfanen n Katalunya nihni d attas itsen, mayemmi attas n tifughalin d tighiwanin ghasent tinninsent. Danita adawem ncarreh' uraren n marra Katalunya.

KARNESTULTES
(EL CARNESTOLTES)

Urar n Karnestultes (Carnestoltes), traghanas ura Carnaval (Carnaval), ixedjeq deg wessan qber irweqt uzummi n Kuarisma (Quaresma), 40 n wessan qber i Pascua (Pasqua). Rebda ixedjeq di char n furar, x wexza n ibriden uyar.

Ass amezwaru uxedjeq itased di rexmis n tad'unt (dijous gras), ass-a d unsay n macca n timedjarin d ifuras n iref, cnaw umlet ak susit n timedjarin d koka n tad'unt n iref (coca de llardons).

Azedjid' Karnestultes (rei Carnestoltes) netta itirin x wazem n urar. Itbaned di jemâa, seft nigh erh'ed awani rexmis n tad'unt (dijous gras). Izemma adyiri d ijj umuniku itgewaden iâzuray nigh d ca n benadem s tyarda innufan. Innum itteg ijj usiwer nigh inaw (pregó), s uâiyeb, ijebbedanegh gha ucaci ak urar. Kur aghref, azedjid' Karnestultes (rei Carnestoltes) ghas attas n ismawen.

Aneggaru n simana-ya iwd'an teggen tyarda unufa (disfressa) n min exsen. Teggen ura d kumparsas (comparses) nigh tarbih'in n iwd'an iteggen tyarda unufa n ijj usentel kif kif.

Igherfan swejjaden isariyen di znaqi d x isadan (rues i cavalcades), nihni d iâedduyen n karrusat (carrosses) d imesnayen zewqen. Attas iman ticcen rmekfiyat i karrusa (carrossa) nigh kumparsa (comparsa) enni izewqen h'sen nigh iteâjiben attas. Deg iâedduyen-a tedja ijj tnamit ucaci n iwd'an zi attas n tiseqqarin imettiyen d imenzenziyen, cnaw, amedyata, timesmunin n jjiran, timesmunin n imenzayen, timesmunin n iâzuray, atg.

Rabeâ awanas netta d rabeâ n ighed' (dimecres de cendra), netta d ass aneggaru n Karnestultes (Carnestoltes) u d ass amezwaru n Kuarisma (Quaresma). Deg ass-a tigawt i yedjan mechura netta d ander n sardin (enterrament de la sardina). Tigawt-a ghas attas n timezra n tghiwanin u zemman adeggen ander n sardin nigh ash'arreq n muniku n Karnestultes. Gha uneggaru n tigawt qqan ijj n erwasiyet uâiyeb dayes ameggi itteja i kur ijjen min wa iteh'wiji. Tigawt-a netta cnaw akemmer n wessan n urar u ibedda azumi.

ASS N SANT JORDI
(DIADA DE SANT JORDI)

Di ass n 23 di ibrir ntegg urar n Ass n Sant Jordi, (Diada de Sant Jordi) amrabed n Katalunya.
 
Tah'ajit n Sant Jordi ghas attas n iâawiden imezliyen di marra amdal. Tah'ajit takatalant tâawad tugha tedja ijj n tanda mani izeddegh ijj n awssat uca kur ass tugha ixessa asghasen ijj n tâazrect. Sant Jordi (d afulki) ineq awssat (d wayeh'ri) uca isnejjam tah'rant-a. S id'ammen n awssat yexreqd ijj enwar n tinuwacin tizegwaghin.

Uca, di Ass n Sant Jordi (Diada de Sant Jordi) d ansay adirin imenziyen n tinewacin d idlisen (roses i llibres) di zenqet. Tanewact nettat cnaw tayri u adlis netta cnaw tadelsa. Netta d ijj n ass n wefrah' d umcaci itâaraden gha usari d umeteâ.

Ansay yeqqa ixessa yaryazen aducen i timgharin ijj n tanewact u nihenti aducent ijj n adlis i yaryazen.

Katalunya tiwi ansay-a n adlis d tanewact gha marra amdal. Di 1995 UNESCO teksit cnaw Ass Amdal n Adlis d Izerfan n Amaru.

IQESBIYEN
(ELS CASTELLERS)

Ijj n tameskant neghnit tadelsant netta d rebni n tiqesbin n iwd'an, d ansay n Anderar n Tarraghuna ibezâen di tamart takatalant. Tarbih'in n tiqesbin, iqesbiyen (castellers), temâanaden mah'enda adeggen tiqesbin n tefsiret tasebh'ant d n kta n ruâra .

Deg insayen, tiggayin tiqesbiyin (colles castelleres) nihenti cnaw amriw n umsihar ametti, mayemmi txessan iwd'an d iyaryazen nigh d timgharin, n marra resnin d addad n arrimet, di min itirin x rewzen d ruâra. Mah'enda adayes ncac tettananegh ghi anexs anâawen gha rebni n ijj usenfar n marra, anesseka tiqesbin; x manaya, inejjih'en nihni rebda d inejjih'en n tarbih'in.

Dinni rebni n 1 ar 9 n iwd'an x pisu d tiqesbin n 5 ar 9 n pisawat n ruâra.

Tiqesbin ghasent ijj tiqniya tuâar, waxxa daysen iwd'an maci d isadaren iteggen armad-a s tameghzalt. Tiqniya-ya itxessas ijj n wawar aqesbi ennes.

Kur taqesbect ghas ijj n isem ennes x uttun n yewd'an i dayes di kur pisu d uttun n pisawat n ruâra. Amu, ijj n taqesbect n 4 zi 8 (castell 4 de 8) nettat d ijj n taqesbect n abâa n iwd'an di kur pisu d 8 n pisawat n ruâra. Djan ura d tiqesbin ghi s ijj n benadem di kur pisu uca ina, traghanasen tisariyin (pilars).
 
I asiri (carregar) n ijj n taqesbect (asgaâed ennes) itxesayanegh ijj n tazumbixt (pinya), nigh ijj n taggayt n yewd'an itirin msersaqen mah'enda atetfen u adirin cnaw tsunta mara ud'an. Iwd'an i daysen itfurrujen di isecniyen iqesbiyen (demostracions castelleres) carcen attas iman s wad'af ensen di tazumbixt (pinya).

Di pisu aneggaru itari akis encaneta (enxaneta), netta d ijj uh'enja nigh tah'enjat. Xmi encaneta (enxaneta) itsedjam s ufus, qanas itegg afar (fa l'aleta), manaya yexs adyini qa taqesbect turi s wenjah'. Ithima asiri d asehwi (descarregar) nigh afsay n taqesbect, manaya yeqqaranegh ixessa atnesiri bera wa iwetti ura d ijjen. Mara taqesbect tuda, neqqa itegg akeccud (fa llenya).

IÂEWWAJEN D BUZEDJIFEN IMEQRANEN
(ELS GEGANTS I ELS CAPGROSSOS)

Iwehmiyen n iâewwajen (gegants) d zwayer uxayer nihni aqayen di marra tidelsanin, xmi ntexs ancarreh' min wa nfehem zi min danegh itenden. Deg usan-a i di nedja nihni tgensen izumal n tarbih't u nihni zi uraren cnaw ijj n degg usiwer n marra.

Afrez uâewwaj netta d agenses d ameqran attas n ijj wudem n tah'ajit, umezruy nigh n insayen ighiwanen. Attas zeg igherfanen ghasen imremracen n iâewwajen ennes, aâewwaj d taêewwajt (el gegant i la geganta), deg ass-a attas n timesmunin d tarbih'in ura nihenti aqayen ghasent.

Deg amatu tifrazin teggentent s uqatun d tafrut u ghasent ijj n tugna tamezlayt n tarbih't nigh n taghiwant itgensen. Ntaf imremracen n iâewwajen tgensen azedjid' d tazedjit, azedjid' amesrem d tamasih'ect, amwati d taâzact… Marra ghasen ijj n isem, tgewadenten tiggayin iâewwajen (colles geganteres) tizzanasen bu izedjifen (capgrossos). Tefghen adesaran di znaqi umi ntragha isariyen (pasacalles) deg wessan n urar ameqran (festa major) nigh deg imerqiyen n iâewwajen (trobades de gegants).

Bu izedjifen (capgrossos) nihni d izedjifen imeqranen attas, di daxer ensen itadef benadem i tikessin, uca netta ixezza zeg ijj unuqib i yedjan deg uqemmum, manaya iticcacen ijj n timezri usdeh'ac. Tgensen udmawen igherfanen uca tmetren s ijj n talgha umezgun.

TAZRA N TIMESSI, IRUGGWAN D AZWAYER
(CORREFOC, DIABLES I BESTIARI)

Timessi, zi rebda nettat d ijj n erh'ajet itxessan deg uraren uca kur ama kta netta d amezwaru. Banentid ura d tiggayin n iruggwan, nihenti cnaw erh'ajet useghnes n tametti i tirin kur ama kta d tasagat.

Iruggwan (diables) nihni d tiggayin n iâzuray i yarrden ca n warruden uca gwan ak idebbuzen i di teggen ermic (petards). Deg icdih'en n iruggwan (balls de diables), iruggwan ceth'en tenden u teggen durat, uca jebdend iwd'an i daysen itfurrujen mah'enda akisen cacen s uraddef ensen.

Azwayer (bestiari) netta d ijj n taggayt n igensasen n zwayer uxayer, ca zaysen ghasen aseghnes ak aghref ensen u ineghnit xerqend zeg uxemmem n marra iwd'an. Awssat (drac) netta itiri attas u d agherfan, maca ura ntaf igider (àliga), taghyuct (mulassa), afunas (bou) d tawssat (víbria).

Isariyen n iruggwan d zwayer ntraghayasen korrefoc (correfoc) (tazra n timessi) u nihni tirin di attas n uraren imeqranen (festes majors). Tizriwin n timessi teggenten sedjiret uca iruggwan cnaw zwayer gwan âemman s ermic.

URAR AMEQRAN
(LA FESTA MAJOR)

Marra igherfanen n Katalunya, imezyanen nigh imeqranen, ghasen urar ameqran (festa major) ensen, teggent x umrabed nigh tamrabet n taghiwant. Urar ameqran (festa major) netta d asbiyen ameqran ucaci, mayemmi neccin num ntaf dayes isariyen iâewwajen d buzedjifen (cercaviles de gegants i capgrossos), tizrawin n timéis (correfoc), iqesbiyen (castellers) d attas n irmad n tarbih't cnaw icdih'en n sardanas (ballades de sardanes), tiskarin n tiggayin tizawanin, tiqesbin n timessi ixedjqent (castells de focs artificials), esbarts dansaires (tiggayin n iwd'an itetfen u canen icdih'en igherfanen ikatalanen), maccat nigh imensiwen n tarbih'in, atg.

Sardana d ijj n cdih' n tarbih't tagherfant n Katalunya u nettat tedwer d ijj n azamul. Nceth'id s ud'ari, ntettef zeg ifassen, maci ughir antmuna tenayen n yewd'an imxedjafen, uca yammu wenni ixsen izemma adicac di cd'ih-a u adayes imani waxxa tugha yebda cdih'. Ghas ijj n tasmekta n isurifen iqudaden (passos curts) d icten neghnit n isurifen iziraren (passos llargs), uca ntâawadasen. Zi Sardana xerqentid ca n tiggayin sardanistas (colles sardanistes) u azawan iccatit ijj n taggayt uzawan qannas cobla.

URAR N SANT JOAN
(LA REVETLLA DE SANT JOAN)

Djiret n Sant Joan, itiri deg ubeddu n unebdu (23 di yunyu), ghi nettat i yedjan d djiret n timessi. Netta d ijj urar bera axemmem itteggen di zenqet cnaw ijj n urar (revetlla), ntegg icceâiren n timessi (fogueres) s tafrut d erqec aqdim d attas n rmicat (petards) d timessi ixedjqen (focs artificials).

Angaz n icceâiren netta d ijj n ansay d macca n koka n Sant Joan (coca de Sant Joan), tzemma atiri n tiquqay n tayda, n tad'unt n iref (llardons) nigh n tafrirt.

ERMURUD N SIDNA ÂISA DI KATALUNYA
(EL NADAL A CATALUNYA)

Akud n Ermurud (Nadal) ibetta di 6 dujenbir u itkemmar di 6 yennayer, ar akwad n Izedjid'en Iseh'an n Agmud (Reis Mags de l'Orient), nihni tawyend iwardiyen i ih'enjan, uca swejjaden isariyen d imeqranen, qanasen isariyen x isadan (cavalcades), mah'enda ahenerqan.

Di Ermurud teggen tifawin di marra igherfan n tineddamin, imerqiyen jar tarrawin d iwardiyen. Dinni attas n reswaq i di snuzan attas n ifuras, cnaw ssuq n Santa Lusia (fira de Santa Llúcia) nigh reswaq uyazid nigh n tammayt.

Di Ermurud-a teggen ura d saharat, ca zaysen d iqdimen attas, d pessebres (netta d agenses n wexraq n Sidna Âisa), dayes itiri udem d ansay n “caganer”. Tió netta d ijj n ansay akatalan neghnit, ih'enjan ccaten s taghact ijj uceqqur uca wanita “ibarred” iwardiyen d tazyudi.

Ixf ussegwas (Cap d'Any), waxxa netta zi akud-a, maci zi ansay amsurdi n Ermurud. Netta d ijj n urar i zi nreqqa assegwas amaynu u ghas insayen ennes, cnaw home dels nassos (‘aryaz n inzaren') nigh tmaccit n 12 n tih'ebba udir (12 grans de raïm) mermi ma yewta unina n glisya nihni yeqqan assegwas amaynu yudefd.